## Convolution Theorem:
DFT of convolution is product of DFTs
$y = h * x \quad \Rightarrow \quad Y[m] = H[m] \cdot X[m]$
↓
apply inverse DFT to recover time-domain output signal.
- can be used for filter analysis to understand how a given impulse response might effect a signal.
(h)
$H(m)$ is complex number in the frequency domain.
$H[m] = Ae^{j\phi} \quad \text{ ("gain")}$
$X[m] = Be^{j\theta} \text{ encodes magnitude and phase of a given sinusoid in the signal}$
$Y[m]$ has magnitude $AB$, phase $\phi+\theta$
$H[m]$ determines how much each sinusoidal component gets scaled by $A$ and delayed by $\phi$